Heparin is an anticoagulant blood thinner that prevents the formation of blood clots. As with many drugs, overdoses of heparin can be fatal. The optimal heparin dosing regimens are still debated, as well as their efficacy in pci compared with that of other drugs such as bivalirudin. Intrinsic pathway extrinsic pathway tissue injury blood vessel injury recall. Heparin induced thrombocytopenia hit is a prothrombotic complication of treatment with heparin. Its use is almost always limited to an inhospital setting because it must be. Standard unfractionated heparin ufh heparin is a nonuniform mixture of straight chain mucopolysaccharide molecules the mean molecular weight of heparin is 15,000 d strongest organic acid present in body source mast cells lung, liver, int. Pharmacology hematologic drugs coagulation bleeding. The risk of heparin induced thrombosis is far lower than the incidence of antibody formation. Pharmacology may be defined as the study of effect of a drug chemical on the body living system it includes, history, source, physical and chemical properties, compounding, biochemical and physiological effects, pk and pd, therapeutic and other uses, precautions, adverse effects, interactions and contraindications of drugs. Heparininduced thrombocytopenia williams hematology, 9e. Heparin is sometimes called a blood thinner, although it does not actually thin the blood.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Heparin is a highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated dglucosamine and dglucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. Oct 09, 20 watch more pharmacology lectures on this is the best online medical lectures site, providing high quality medical and nursing lec. This means heparin requires more frequent dosing than lmwh. You can use these pharmacology ppt in your projects and presentations. Its use is usually limited to an inhospital setting because it must be administered. Pharmacology chapter 7 anticoagulants flashcards quizlet. Feb 27, 20 pharmacology heparin low molecular weight heparin fondaparinux. Adjusted dose subcutaneous heparin or low dose subcutaneous heparin should be discontinued approximately 12 hours preprocedure. No much effect on aptt than heparin less antiplatelet actionless thrombocytopenia less.
A heparin lowmolecularweight lmw fraction has a lower affinity for antithrombin but inhibits factor xa. For over 50 years, unfractionated heparin ufh and vitamin k antagonists vkas had been the primary anticoagulants prescribed in practice. Jan 11, 2020 chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Heparin is an anticoagulant blood thinner that prevents the formation of blood clots heparin is used to treat and prevent blood clots caused by certain medical conditions or medical procedures. The focus of this chapter is on elements of anticoagulant clinical pharmacology that are important for anesthesiologists to understand. Heparin is the anticoagulant of choice when a rapid anticoagulant effect is required because its onset of action is immediate when administered by iv injection. Stop directacting oral anticoagulant doac and, when the next doac dose would have been due, start iv heparin without a bolus dose infusion rate depends on the indication dager 2018. Heparin is strongly acidic because of the presence of sulfate and carboxylic acid groups in the heparin chain. Download pharmacology books pdf free all medical stuff. Heparin was discovered approximately 75 years ago and has been used extensively for the last 50 years to treat thromboembolic disorders. Thereafter, heparin can be restarted when considered safe to do so depending on the procedure. Mechanism of action and pharmacology of unfractionated heparin heparin is a sulfated polysaccharide with a molecular weight range of 3000 to 30 000 da mean, 15 000 da.
Critical facts if med school is a minnesota forest with millions of trees, these are the red pines 1. Clinical pharmacology of heparin everything you need to. We have tested this download and found it clean and absolutely genuine. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. In september 2006, heparin received worldwide publicity when three. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about pharmacology of git ppt. Coagulants,anticoagulants authorstream presentation. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about low molecular weight heparin ppt. Heparin is used to prevent or treat certain blood vessel, heart, and lung conditions. In 1979, several groups were working toward the identification of the specific sequence of monosaccharides in heparin with high affinity for antithrombin at lindahl et al. The drugs used in clotting and bleeding disorders fall into 2 major groups. Physiology, pharmacology, and clinical application michael s.
Hematologic pharmacology ppt download lowmolecular weight heparin in preventing and treating dvt. Chapter 34 this version has been changed compared to the one made available on wednesday april 26 sorry. Although most cases of hit are minor and asymptomatic, some patients may experience life or limbthreatening platelet clots, resulting in myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, acute leg ischemia, or venous thromboembolism. Heparinand its derivative, lowmolecularweight heparin lmwh, are theanticoagulants of choice when a rapid anticoagulant effect is required, because their onset of action is immediate when administered by ivinjection.
Heparin sodium injection, usp is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of heparin sodium derived from porcine intestinal mucosa in water for injection. In certain patients, heparin initiates an immune reaction where antibodies attack circulating platelets. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Pharmacology 6th edition pdf using our mediafire repository links. After reading this article you will learn about the classification of anticoagulants. A new group of oral anticoagulants has emerged in the marketplace with a wide range of indications, creating more options for clinicians, but also more challenges in drug and patient selection. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Jaques introduction heparins heparinoids constitute a group of compounds which have been and shown in the past two decades to have many remarkable pharmacological properties. Heparin and lowmolecularweight heparin mechanisms of. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Xiia xii thromboplastin xia xi ixa ix viia xa x factors affected by heparin prothrombin vit. Start studying pharmacology chapter 7 anticoagulants.
Fewer than 10% of those who develop an antibody to the heparin pf4 complex will exhibit a thrombotic event. This shows a dosage adjustment algorithm which has been used successfully in an anticoagulation clinic. Transitioning from iv heparin to another anticoagulant. Heparin is an injectable drug used to prevent and treat blood clots in the veins, arteries, or lungs. It produces its major anticoagulant effect by inactivating thrombin and activated factor x factor xa through an antithrombin atdependent mechanism. Pharmacology hematologic drugs free download as powerpoint presentation. Thrombotic events may also be the initial presentation for hitt. Watch more pharmacology lectures on this is the best online medical lectures site, providing high quality medical and nursing lec. Ppt acls pharmacology powerpoint presentation free to. Heparin is the anticoagulant of choice when a rapid anticoagulant effect is required because its onset of action is immediate when administered by intravenous injection. Dec 15, 2012 heparin binds reversibly to its target sites of action, antithrombin and the other serine proteases involved in coagulation, especially activated factor x. Physiology, pharmacology, and clinical application. Mechanism of action and pharmacology of unfractionated heparin.
Nonetheless, heparin is being exploited for clinical uses beyond anticoagulation and developed for a wide range of clinical disorders. Heparin is administered in low doses when used for primary prophylaxis and high doses when used therapeutically to prevent recurrent thrombosis. For longterm coagulation, heparin is usually given to commence anticoagulant therapy before a longterm oral anticoagulant, such as warfarin, takes effect. Heparin sodium is a preparation containing the sodium salt of a complex organic acid present in mammalian tissues, and having the characteristic property of delaying the clotting of shed blood. Do not use heparin injection to flush clean out an intravenous iv catheter. Ppt discussing chemistry, mechanism of action, classification,pharmacokinetics and clinical uses of heparin. The medicine is in a class of drugs known as anticoagulants blood thinners.
Approximately 33 metric tons, representing 500 million doses, of heparin are used worldwide each year. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Ppt heparin powerpoint presentation free to download id. Anticoagulant therapy principles and practice of hospital. Heparin can be a lifesaving medicine, but it can also be a very dangerous medicine if used incorrectly. Set 1 powerpoint links collected from the website of. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc. These are just a few of the facts you must know in order to use this quiz and worksheet assessment. Anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and antiplatelet drugs katzung 9th ed.
Bioassay of heparin sodium heparin sodium is a preparation containing the sodium salt of a complex organic acid present in mammalian tissues, and having the characteristic property of delaying the clotting of shed blood. Ppt heparin powerpoint presentation free to download. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Heparin is also used before surgery to reduce the risk of blood clots 3. The volume of distribution of heparin is then, under most circumstances, limited to the plasma volume. Pharmacodynamics basic notes pdf ppt atropine furosimide heparin basti vamana pharmacodynamics example, pharmacodynamics basics, pharmacodynamics pdf, pharmacodynamics ppt, pharmacodynamics vs pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics definition nursing, pharmacodynamics slideshare. It is also used before surgery to reduce the risk of blood clots. View and download powerpoint presentations on low molecular weight heparin ppt. It also binds to other plasma proteins, including fibrinogen, plasmin, albumin, and upases. Heparin is the drug most widely used to prevent blood from clotting.
Brahma department of pharmacology neigrihms, shillong 2. Heparin will not dissolve blood clots that have already formed, but it may prevent the clots from becoming larger and causing more serious problems. Classification of anticoagulants veterinary pharmacology. View pharmacology for nurses ppts online, safely and virusfree. Pharmacology of heparin and related drugs request pdf. Pharmacology is the study of different drugs, their mechanism of action, effects and side effects. Download free pharmacology powerpoint templates and themes. Heparin has been used for over eighty years as an anticoagulant.
View and download powerpoint presentations on cardiovascular pharmacology ppt. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about cardiovascular pharmacology ppt. Heparin powerpoint presentation cme at pharmacology corner. May 11, 2018 heparin sodium injection, usp 2000 and 2500 usp unitsml heparin sodium addvantage vial. Unfractioned heparin, low molecular weight heparin and fondaparinux. Home arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology vol. View and download powerpoint presentations on pharmacology of git ppt. If the pharmacy thats willing to deliver medicines to your home doesnt have heparin in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for heparin. Each heparin molecule is made up of alternating dglucuronic acid and nacetyldglucosamine residues with varying molecular size from 5,000 to 30,000 daltons mean 15,000 daltons.
Both types of heparins are administered in lower doses forprimary prophylaxis than for treatment of venous thrombosis or acutemyocardial ischemia. Jan 05, 2020 transitioning from a directacting oral anticoagulant to a therapeutic dose of iv heparin. Some of the brands for heparin might be better known than heparin itself. Mechanism of action and pharmacology of unfractionated. Heparin may be given intravenously by constant infusion or intermittent bolus or by subcutaneous injection. Want to learn more about the clinical pharmacology of heparin.
It is associated with mildtomoderate thrombocytopenia, although the main clinical concern is the high frequency of both arterial and venous thromboembolism, which may be limb or lifethreatening. It is the pur pose of this presentation to provide some common ground in the area of anticoagulant prophylaxis that will. Heparin is a sulfated polysaccharide with a molecular weight range of 3000 to 30 000 da mean, 15 000 da. Pharmacology 120 julie cordts instructor pharmacology powerpoint lectures all lessons will open in a new browser window allowing easy access to this menu. Before anyone in the health care field administers heparin, they should know all about it. Heparin heparin may treat, side effects, dosage, drug interactions, warnings, patient labeling. Clinical pharmacology of heparin everything you need to know.
Continuous intravenous heparin compared with intermittent. Therefore it is indeed one of the most important subject for medical students. Heparin is used to treat and prevent blood clots in the veins, arteries, or lung. It may be obtained from the lungs or intestinal mucosa of oxen, pigs or sheep. Heparin is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Anticoagulants, commonly referred to as blood thinners, are drugs that prevent or reduce coagulation of blood, prolonging the clotting time. Despite its widespread use, the exact mechanism for the anticoagulant activity of heparin was not elucidated until the 1960s and the specific polysaccharide sequence within the heparin molecule required for this interaction was not defined until nearly twenty years later. Anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and antiplatelet drugs. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Heparin intravenous, subcutaneous advanced patient. Ufh is a glycosaminoglycan found in the secretory granules of mast cells. Anticoagulation drugs represent a rapidly expanding field, with many novel agents in various stages of testing and approval.